La pollution de l’air en milieu urbain est générée par les transports, les industries et la production énergétique. Elle se manifeste par la présence de particules fines (les aérosols, et notamment de carbone) et de smog urbain (dont l’ozone troposphérique) bien visible. La pollution atmosphérique cause en moyenne chaque année la mort prématurée de 7 millions de personnes dans le monde dont 600 000 en Europe et 40 000 en France, selon l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé et le Ministère du Développement Durable.
Enfin, alors qu’une population de plus de 1,7 milliard de personnes environ dépend encore du fumier, du bois, des résidus de récolte et du charbon pour satisfaire leurs besoins énergétiques de base, la pollution de l’air à l’intérieur des habitations serait responsable de plus de 1,6 million de décès par an selon les estimations. Cette pollution affecte particulièrement les femmes et les enfants, qui passent davantage de temps au foyer. Un fléau trop souvent passé sous silence.
Source : notre-planete.info,
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